Butters' "Mexican" name is Mantequilla, which is actually Spanish for butter.
The scene in which Butters/Mantequilla steps onto his balcony and is greeted by throngs of adoring followers is a tribute to a similar scene from Monty Python's "The Life of Brian."
When Randy exits the house and finds leaves scattered everywhere he yells 'Nooo!'. The audio of this clip is from Darth Vader at the end of Star Wars Episode III - Revenge of the Sith (2005).
Parker wrote the "Work, Mexican, Work" song six years prior to this episode.
The title is a reference to The Last of the Mohicans